Edited By Charlotte Sears
Review & Contribution By Dr. Ellen Carter
A Ph.D. in Science Education helps you become a scholar and practitioner. It prepares you to contribute to advancing science education on local, national, and global scales.
A Ph.D. in science education is a research-based program that focuses on studying and improving the teaching and learning of science in educational settings. It explores science education theories, methods, and practices to enhance instructional strategies, curriculum design, and assessment techniques. Students in this program engage in advanced research, conduct empirical studies, and contribute to the field’s knowledge base. Career prospects for Ph.D. graduates in Science Education are diverse and can include roles as university professors, curriculum developers, educational researchers, policy analysts, science education consultants, and administrators. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the employment of postsecondary teachers [1] is projected to grow 8% from 2022 to 2032, indicating favorable career prospects in this field.
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National University, headquartered in San Diego, California, was founded in 1971 to provide educational opportunities for adult learners and working professionals. It offers over 190 degree programs, including bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees, with flexible online and on-campus courses. Serving around 40,000 students and over 240,000 alumni, the university is recognized for its support of U.S. military members. Accredited by the WASC Senior College and University Commission (WSCUC), National University is committed to accessible and transformative higher education.
Find the Best Ph.D. in Science Education Programs
The quality of education profoundly influences students’ learning journeys and prospects for future careers. Opting for a top-tier program guarantees a robust academic curriculum, exemplary instruction, and access to resources that enrich learning outcomes. To identify the finest Ph.D. degree programs in Science Education, we employ FBD’s ranking methodology, which evaluates factors like teacher quality, available resources, learning outcomes, graduation rates, etc. Some premier Ph.D. in science education programs to guide aspiring doctorates toward their academic and career aspirations are:
| Univ | Address | Tuition | Grad Rate |
| Western Michigan University | 1903 W Michigan Ave, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008 | $18,354 | 55% |
Universities and programs are ranked by various factors, such as affordability, curriculum and coursework, reputation and availability, program length, statistics, the potential of employment, and return on investment for the students. For a more in-depth analysis, please read about our rankings methodology page.
What to Expect from a Ph.D. in Science Education
An online Ph.D. in science education typically requires students to complete a set number of credit hours, usually around 60 to 90 credits. The program is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of science education theory, research methodologies, and practical applications. Coursework covers curriculum development, instructional strategies, assessment methods, educational psychology, and research design. They also engage in independent research under the guidance of faculty mentors and write a dissertation based on their original research findings. The program may be delivered online or in a hybrid format, combining online coursework with occasional in-person meetings or residencies. Candidates can expect to collaborate with peers and faculty through virtual discussions, research seminars, and online platforms. These Ph.D. programs can lead graduates to careers as science educators, curriculum developers, instructional coordinators, science education researchers, or STEM program coordinators.
Program Structure, Coursework, and Dissertation
A Ph.D. in science education program typically includes coursework, research, teaching, and a dissertation. Students can complete core and elective courses, engage in research activities, and defend their dissertations. Some programs may also include fieldwork or internships to provide practical experience. Here is a breakdown of the components:
Introduction to Qualitative Research Methods in Education
This course provides an overview of qualitative research methods commonly used in educational research. Students learn data collection, analysis, and interpretation techniques in qualitative studies. They explore various approaches, such as interviews, observations, and document analysis, and develop skills to evaluate qualitative research critically. This course equips them with the foundational knowledge and skills for conducting rigorous qualitative research in science education.
Instruction Theory
This course focuses on the study of instructional design and theories of learning. Students explore various instructional models and frameworks to develop effective teaching strategies for science education. The course examines constructivism, cognitive load theory, and social learning theory. They analyze and apply these theories to design instructional materials and activities that promote meaningful learning experiences in science classrooms.
Curriculum Theory
This course emphasizes studying and analyzing curriculum development and design in science education. Students explore theoretical frameworks, historical perspectives, and contemporary issues in curriculum development. They critically examine curriculum models, standards, and assessment practices to enhance science education programs. The course encourages them to analyze and critique existing curricula, propose innovative approaches, and contribute to advancing science curriculum theory and practice.
Educational Statistics
This course focuses on applying statistical methods in educational research. Students learn to analyze and interpret data using statistical techniques relevant to science education. Topics covered include descriptive statistics, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and analysis of variance. The course equips them with the necessary skills to conduct quantitative research, interpret statistical findings, and make informed decisions in their scientific investigations.
Theoretical Foundations of Inquiry
This course explores research inquiry’s philosophical and theoretical underpinnings. Students critically examine various epistemological and ontological perspectives, such as positivism, constructivism, and critical theory, and their implications for scientific inquiry. The course enhances their understanding of the nature of knowledge, research paradigms, and the role of theory in shaping research questions and methodologies. It provides a solid foundation for conducting rigorous and informed research in their respective fields of study.
Some of the core courses in a Ph.D. in Science Education program may include:
- Models of Epistemology & Inquiry
- Narrative Analysis
- Life History Research
- Advanced Fieldwork Methods 3
- Theory of EDAD Research (Naturalistic Inquiry)
- Qualitative Research Design and Data Collection
- Educational Statistics
- Measurement and Evaluation in Education
- Techniques of Research
- Applied Categorical Data Analysis
Learning Outcomes and Skills Gained
By pursuing a doctorate in science education online, students develop various skills and acquire in-depth knowledge. A few skills gained upon graduating from the program include the ability to:
- demonstrate expertise in the theories, methods, and practices of science education, possessing a deep understanding of the field and its current research;
- demonstrate advanced research skills, including designing studies, collecting and analyzing data, and interpreting research findings, enabling them to contribute to the existing knowledge base in science education;
- analyze and evaluate scientific literature, educational policies, and instructional practices, leading to evidence-based decision-making;
- develop expertise in designing effective science curricula, instructional strategies, and assessment methods, enabling them to enhance science teaching practices in various educational settings;
- demonstrate strong communication and collaboration skills, allowing the graduates to effectively communicate research findings, collaborate with colleagues, and engage in interdisciplinary research;
- leadership skills to drive educational reforms, contribute to policy discussions, and advocate for quality science education at local, national, and international levels;
- strong problem-solving skills, enabling them to identify challenges in science education and propose innovative solutions to improve teaching and mentorship;
- mentor and advise aspiring science educators, supporting their professional growth and development.
Please note that the specific skills gained may vary depending on the program and individual student interests and experiences.
Areas of Specialization for Science Education Ph.D. Students
Within the realm of Science Education, pursuing a Ph.D. offers students the opportunity to delve deeply into specialized areas of study, enabling them to become experts in their chosen fields. From STEM pedagogy to educational leadership and policy, each specialization equips them with the knowledge and skills necessary to address complex challenges and drive innovation in science education. By understanding the unique opportunities within these areas of specialization, Ph.D. candidates can tailor their research and academic pursuits to make meaningful contributions to the advancement of science education. Here are some specializations that those pursuing a Ph.D. in science education can opt for:
| Area of Specialization | Description | Career Options |
|---|---|---|
| Biomedical Science Education | This specialization focuses on teaching and learning in the field of biomedical sciences. Students explore pedagogical strategies, curriculum development, and assessment methods specific to medical education, health sciences, and biology-related disciplines. Graduates are equipped to contribute to the advancement of biomedical education and pursue careers as educators, curriculum developers, and researchers in the biomedical sciences. | Assessment specialist, educational researcher, and program evaluator. |
| Cognition and Learning in Science Education | Cognition and Learning in Science Education is a specialization within the Ph.D. in Science Education program that explores the cognitive processes and learning theories related to science education. Students delve into how individuals acquire scientific knowledge and conceptual understanding, investigating effective instructional strategies and assessment methods. Graduates are prepared to contribute to the field through research, teaching, and curriculum development, focusing on enhancing learning experiences and outcomes in science education. | Educational psychologist, learning sciences researcher, cognitive science consultant. |
| Equity and Inclusion in Science Education | This specialization promotes equitable access to science education and creates inclusive learning environments. One explores culturally responsive teaching approaches, diverse perspectives in science, and strategies to address disparities among underrepresented groups. Graduates are equipped to advocate for equity in science education, develop inclusive curricula, and contribute to research on fostering inclusive science learning experiences for all students. | Diversity and inclusion officer, equity-focused curriculum developer. |
| Science Assessment and Evaluation | This specialization focuses on developing and applying practical assessment and evaluation strategies in science education. Students learn to design and implement formative and summative assessments, evaluate science programs, and analyze assessment data. Graduates are prepared to contribute to the field through research, policy development, and instructional improvement, ensuring high-quality science assessment practices and enhancing learning outcomes in science education. | Assessment specialist, educational researcher, program evaluator. |
Full-Time and Part-Time Ph.D. Programs
Ph.D. in Science Education programs are typically available in full-time and part-time formats, offering flexibility to accommodate different students’ needs and schedules. Full-time programs are designed for full-timers who can dedicate themselves to their studies. These programs generally take around 4 to 5 years to complete, depending on factors such as research progress and dissertation completion. Part-time programs suit those who wish to balance their studies with other commitments. The duration for part-time programs can vary, typically 5 to 7 years or more. The specific timelines and credit requirements may vary among institutions offering online Ph.D. in science education programs, and it is advisable to check with individual programs for accurate information.
Accelerated Science Education Ph.D. Programs
Accelerated Ph.D. in science education provides an expedited pathway for students to complete their degree in a shorter timeframe. These programs are designed to enable motivated and dedicated individuals to fast-track their studies and graduate sooner. To expedite their program, they may have the option to take an increased course load, including summer or intensive courses, to accelerate their progress. They may also transfer credits from previous coursework or relevant professional experiences, reducing the overall time required for degree completion. Some accelerated programs may offer condensed or streamlined curriculum plans that prioritize essential coursework, eliminating specific elective requirements. It allows them to focus on the core components of their program and efficiently complete their degree. Those considering an accelerated program should carefully assess their readiness and ability to handle an accelerated pace of study. Some institutions providing an accelerated PhD science education program include:
Admission Requirements for Ph.D. in Science Education Programs
Prospective students can consult the program’s official website or contact the admissions office for accurate and up-to-date information on the specific requirements of the doctoral Science Education program they are interested in. University admission requirements for online Ph.D. in science education programs may vary. However, several standard criteria and requirements can be identified:
- Educational Background: Applicants must hold a master’s degree in a related field, such as science education or a specific scientific discipline.
- Academic Transcripts: Official academic transcripts from previous institutions are required to demonstrate academic performance and prerequisites.
- GPA Requirement: Many programs have a minimum GPA requirement, typically around 3.0 on a 4.0 scale.
- Letters of Recommendation: Applicants need to provide letters of recommendation from academic or professional references who can speak to their qualifications for doctoral-level study.
- Statement of Purpose: A written statement outlining the academic and professional background, research interests, career goals, and reasons for pursuing a Ph.D. in Science Education is often required.
- Research Experience: Prior research experience may be beneficial and considered during evaluation, particularly in science education.
- Standardized Tests: Some programs may require GRE (Graduate Record Examination) scores, although this requirement is popularly decreasing.
- Professional Experience: Teaching or science-related professional experience can be considered an asset for admission.
- Program-Specific Requirements: Each program may have specific requirements such as prerequisite coursework, sample publications, or evidence of teaching experience.
Ph.D. in Science Education No GRE
The GRE (Graduate Record Examination) and GMAT (Graduate Management Admission Test) are widely used standardized tests for admission to graduate programs. While many U.S. schools typically require these test scores, some online Ph.D. programs in science education may not have a GRE or GMAT requirement. Waiving the GRE/GMAT requirement acknowledges that standardized test scores may not always be the best indicator of an applicant’s potential for success in the program. Instead, colleges may emphasize other factors such as academic background, research experience, statement of purpose, letters of recommendation, and personal interviews to assess applicants’ qualifications. Prospective applicants interested in pursuing an online Ph.D. in science education should contact their chosen universities’ science education departments to inquire about programs that do not require GRE scores or if there are options for obtaining a GRE waiver.
Here are a few examples of Universities with Ph.D. in science education with no gre required
How to Ensure a Ph.D. in Science Education Program is Accredited
The Ph.D. in science education program, typically delivered online, undergoes accreditation to ensure compliance with specific quality standards set by accrediting organizations. The accreditation process for online Science Education programs varies depending on the institution and the particular program. Standard accrediting bodies associated with Science Education programs include
It’s important to note that accreditation can also extend to the entire institution, assessed by a regional or national accrediting body.
Free Science Education Courses
Access to free science education courses offers educators a multitude of advantages. These courses provide an avenue for continuous professional development without financial barriers, allowing educators to stay updated on the latest research, methodologies, and technologies in the field. These courses often offer flexibility in scheduling, enabling educators to learn at their own pace and integrate new knowledge and skills into their teaching practice seamlessly. Here are a few free science education courses that Ph.D. in science education students can explore:
| Course | Provided by | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Online Course Crash Course: Win at Teaching Online Courses [9] | Udemy | This course will give participants valuable insights and strategies to enhance their online teaching skills. They will acquire practical techniques for effectively engaging students, creating compelling content, utilizing technology tools, and cultivating a positive online learning environment. This course equips educators with the necessary skills to excel in the digital teaching landscape and deliver impactful online courses. |
| Teaching Special Needs Education [10] | Alison | This course covers the fundamentals of Special Educational Needs (SEN), including the relationship between SEN and disability, classification into four main areas, support and assessment processes, the significance of quality teaching, teaching methods, and the social-emotional and psychological challenges SEN students face. |
| Teaching Science at University [11] | Coursera | This course equips educators with the skills to effectively teach science in higher education. It covers topics like making complex scientific concepts accessible to students, using analogies and models, implementing problem-based teaching, conducting experiments, and fostering an understanding of the nature of science. Evidence-based strategies and practical assignments create engaging learning experiences. Lectures, handouts, and assignments support learning and application of teaching strategies. |
Fully Funded Ph.D. in Science Education
Fully funded Ph.D. programs are often available, offering financial support to students through stipends, tuition waivers, or research assistantships. However, in the case of this particular program, fully funded opportunities seem to be scarce or unavailable. While other disciplines may enjoy more financial backing, the limited funding for science education may be due to various factors, such as institutional priorities or the overall availability of resources. Prospective applicants seeking fully funded Ph.D. programs in science education may need to explore alternative funding sources or consider self-funding options to pursue their academic aspirations.
Career Opportunities and Salaries After a Ph.D. in Science Education
A PhD in Science Education offers graduates various academic, research, policy, and practice career opportunities. With expertise in scientific content and educational theory, PhD holders are well-equipped to lead initiatives that advance science education at various levels. This list highlights diverse career paths available to Ph.D. graduates, from shaping educational policy to developing innovative curriculum materials and conducting cutting-edge research. Whether pursuing roles in academia, government, non-profit organizations, or entrepreneurship, Ph.D. graduates play a crucial role in shaping the future of science education and inspiring the next generation of scientists, educators, and innovators. Some careers doctorates in science education can pursue are:
- Academic Faculty
- Researcher
- Curriculum Developer
- Educational Consultant
- Policy Analyst
- Program Administrator
- Assessment Specialist
- Professional Development Coordinator
- Non-Profit Leadership
- Entrepreneurship
Here are a few career options for students with a Ph.D. in science education:
| Occupation | Skills Required | Median Annual Salary | Job Growth (up to 2031) | Job Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dean of Education [12] | Strategic Leadership, Relationship Building, Administration, and Resource Management skills. | $163,152 | No Data Available | The dean oversees the administrative operations of the College of Education and is responsible for strategic initiatives, university-wide planning, and policy-making. The Dean also plays a crucial role in fundraising and donor relations and provides senior-level leadership in curriculum development, faculty development, budgeting, and facilities management. This position requires an advanced degree and involves multifaceted responsibilities in various aspects of college administration. |
| Education Consultant [13] | Knowledge of educational practices and policies, Excellent communication and interpersonal skills. | $109,201 | No Data Available | The role of an Educational Consultant involves designing tailored professional development programs for educators and coordinating subject—or grade-level-specific educational policies. They collaborate with school administrators to develop curricula and establish guidelines. Typically, this position requires a bachelor’s degree in a relevant field and at least seven years of experience. Educational Consultants rely on their expertise, knowledge, and judgment to set and achieve educational objectives. |
| Education Administrator [14] | Leadership skills, Communication skills, Organizational skills, and Problem-solving skills. | $55,047 | No Data Available | As an Education Administrator, providing ongoing feedback to staff on social skills procedures and intervention techniques is essential. Regular monitoring ensures the proper maintenance and cleanliness of the educational facility and equipment. Fostering the growth of positive social skills by setting an example through appropriate behaviors and promptly intervening when inappropriate behaviors are identified is also essential. |
| University Instructor-Education [15] | Subject Matter Expertise Skills, Communication and Presentation Skills, Classroom Management Abilities | $58,210 | No Data Available | The role of a University Instructor in Education involves creating and organizing curriculum plans to encourage learning, foster class discussions, and enhance educational involvement. They teach courses in the education field, collaborate with colleagues on research and co-curricular activities, offer tutoring and academic guidance to students, maintain class records, and assess assignments. Typically, they report to a department head. |
Certifications and Licensing for Ph.D. in Science Education Graduates
For Ph.D. candidates in Science Education, obtaining certifications and licensing offers several advantages. It enhances their professional credibility, signaling a commitment to excellence and proficiency in the field. Certifications and licensing provide opportunities for specialization, allowing them to deepen their expertise in specific areas of science education. Additionally, holding these credentials can broaden career opportunities, making them more competitive in academia, research, policy, and practice. While there are certifications available in the field of Science Education, it’s important to note that specific certifications and licenses may vary by state and institution. Here are a few certifications that science education Ph.D. individuals can pursue:
Stem Teaching Certification [16]
The STEM Teaching Certification is a specialized qualification that acknowledges educators with expertise in teaching science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) subjects. This certification equips teachers with the necessary knowledge and skills to effectively engage students in hands-on, inquiry-based learning experiences. It prepares them to meet the increasing need for quality STEM education, ensuring they are well-prepared for the demands of the modern world.
Science Teaching Certification [17]
Science Teaching Certification is a credential that recognizes educators who have demonstrated proficiency in teaching science subjects. It validates their knowledge and skills in science content, instructional strategies, and assessment techniques. This certification equips teachers with the qualifications to provide quality science education and contribute to the development of scientifically literate students.
Special Education Teaching Certification [18]
Special Education Teaching Certification is a credential that recognizes educators with specialized knowledge and skills in teaching students with disabilities. This certification equips teachers to create inclusive learning environments, develop individualized education plans (IEPs), and implement effective instructional strategies to meet the unique needs of persons with disabilities. It ensures that educators are qualified to support and advocate for persons with special needs.
Additional Resources for Ph.D. in Science Education Graduates
Professional organizations also offer professional development opportunities through workshops, conferences, and training sessions, equipping students with new skills and teaching strategies. Moreover, involvement in these organizations can lead to career advancement through job boards, mentorship programs, and advocacy efforts. By joining professional organizations, doctoral candidates contribute to collective advocacy, receive recognition for their achievements, engage with a supportive community, and develop leadership skills—all instrumental in shaping successful and impactful careers in science education. Here are a few additional resources that science education doctoral program graduates can tap into:
| Title/Resource | Description |
|---|---|
| National Association of Biology Teachers [19] | The National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT) assists biology educators across various educational levels. NABT offers a range of resources, professional development opportunities, and a community of biology teachers. These support systems aim to improve teaching practices, cultivate scientific literacy, and inspire a passion for biology among students. |
| Association for Science Teacher Education (ASTE) [20] | The Association for Science Teacher Education (ASTE) is a professional organization committed to advancing science teacher education. ASTE is a hub for science teacher educators to collaborate, conduct research, and engage in professional development. Through conferences, publications, and networking, ASTE enhances the training and support provided to science teachers, fostering continuous improvement in science education. |
| American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) [21] | The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) mission is to advance science, engineering, and innovation on a global scale for the betterment of society. AAAS is committed to promoting scientific discovery, fostering inclusivity and excellence, preparing the next generation of scientists, and advocating for equity and diversity within the scientific community. AAAS’s strategic goals prioritize scientific excellence, inclusivity, and equity as core values. |
| National Science Education Leadership Association (NSELA) [22] | The National Science Education Leadership Association (NSELA) is a professional organization advancing science education leadership. It offers resources, professional development opportunities, and networking platforms for science education leaders, administrators, and policymakers. Through effective policies, practices, and collaborations, NSELA aims to enhance the quality of science education and ensure the success of all learners. |
| American Chemical Society (ACS) [23] | The American Chemical Society (ACS) is a leading scientific society dedicated to advancing chemistry education. ACS offers valuable resources, publications, and conferences for chemistry educators. It provides access to educational materials, research articles, and networking opportunities, supporting the professional development of chemistry educators and promoting excellence in chemistry education. |
FAQs About Ph.D. in Science Education Programs
Can you get a Ph.D. in science education?
Yes. Earning a Ph.D. in science education is possible. Online programs offer flexibility, allowing students to pursue their doctoral studies while maintaining professional and personal commitments. These programs utilize virtual learning platforms, online resources, and collaborative tools to deliver coursework, research, and remotely engage in scholarly activities.
What can you do with a Ph.D. in science education?
Is a Ph.D. in science education worth it?
Will I have opportunities for hands-on research experience in an online Ph.D. program?
How do I choose the right online Ph.D. program in Science Education?
Can I collaborate with other students and faculty in an online Ph.D. program?
Citations:
U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics-Outlook for Postsecondary Teachers
Teacher Education Accreditation Council (TEAC)
National Council for Accreditation of Teacher Education (NCATE)
Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP)
Udemy-Online Course Crash Course: Win at Teaching Online Courses
Alison-Teaching Special Needs Education
Coursera-Teaching Science at University
Salary.com- Education Consultant
salary.com- Education Administrator
Salary.com- University Instructor-Education
Science Teaching Certification
Special Education Teaching Certification
National Association of Biology Teachers
Association for Science Teacher Education (ASTE)
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)